Nature vs. Nurture, the age-old debate and one of the oldest mysteries in neuroscience and psychology. Do your genetics determine behavior/personality or does the environment?
"Nature" refers to the hereditary factors and genes that are innate from birth. These genetic codes determine our physical appearance, as well as our personality attributes. "Nurture" refers to a variety of factors, integrating the environment, experiences, and upbringings that establish behavior. Development is critical in childhood, and they relate to events experienced that are contributing factors to personality.
Do you think "nature" or "nurture" determines personality/behavior?
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What determines how much wine ends up being sold: the construction of the ship, or the weather conditions on the route of that ship? Obviously both play an important role. The construction of the ship determines the impact a given weather condition has on the wine, and the weather determines the impact on the wine with a given construction of the ship.
It is the same here. Nature determines how your organism reacts to and how it is conditioned by the environment. Nurture determines how the traits native to the individual evolve over time.
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For illustration, take two idealized children: one has a natural affinity to overcoming obstacles, while another prefers to avoid challenges. Let us call them A and B.
When A is raised in poverty, he has a goal to get out of poverty, and he enjoys the challenge in that. He works hard towards that goal, and eventually becomes very rich and successful.
When B is raised in poverty, he tries to escape the grim reality, early on finds escape in cigarettes and alcohol, closes in himself and loses any hope for getting out of poverty. His life is miserable.
On the other hand...
When A is raised in wealth, he is deprived of his challenges - so he creates artificial challenges for himself, bored out of his mind. He tries things like extreme mountain climbing or diving, and dies in one of the more daring attempts.
When B is raised in wealth, he is perfectly happy with his situation; he learns to preserve his wealth by investing it into safe ventures. He lives a happy and care-free life; he is totally in his element.
These are not the necessary outcomes, but they demonstrate how both nature and nurture can make or break a person. As such, I believe that the whole package should be considered, and not one of these two aspects chosen/preferred.
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